P-71 From knowledge to practice: public understanding of dengue fever in a dengue - endemic country

Research Question What is the level of knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding dengue fever among the public in Trinidad and Tobago, and how do these relate to sociodemographic characteristics?

Hypothesis: Higher levels of knowledge and positive attitudes towards dengue fever are associated with improved preventive practices.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 adults (˃18 years) in Trinidad and Tobago using convenience sampling across multiple communities. The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula (initial n=385) with a 10% adjustment for non-response, yielding a final sample of 424. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing socio-demographics and knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices (KAP) related to dengue fever. Descriptive and inferential analyses (t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation) were used to examine demographic differences and associations. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.

Results: A total of 424 participants were included. Overall knowledge of dengue fever was moderate (mean score 9.97 ± 2.96, max = 13). Knowledge scores differed significantly by education, employment status, and income (all p<0.001). Attitudes towards dengue prevention were generally positive (mean score 3.59 ± 0.60), with differences observed by income level (p=0.02). Preventive practices were inconsistent despite adequate knowledge and positive attitudes (mean score 3.81 ± 1.96, max = 6), with males demonstrating higher practice scores than females (p=0.04). Small but statistically significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.18), knowledge and practices (r = 0.34), and attitudes and practices (r = 0.33,) (all p<0.001).

Conclusion: In Trinidad and Tobago, public knowledge of dengue is moderate and attitudes are positive, yet preventive practices remain inconsistent. The modest association between knowledge and behaviour highlights a persistent knowledge-practice gap. Behaviour-focused, community level interventions beyond information dissemination are essential to improve sustained dengue prevention in dengue-endemic settings.