P-41 Understanding Barriers to HIV Care and Treatment Adherence in Guyana and the Caribbean: A Mixed Methods Analysis
Author(s):
T Jagnarine
Type Of Study:
- Mixed Methods
- Observational Study
Country(ies) Of Focus:
- Guyana
- CARPHA Member States
- CARICOM Countries
Year of Presentation:
2025
Objective: This study aimed to identify and analyze the
primary barriers to HIV care and treatment adherence in
Guyana and the Caribbean. Specific objectives included
evaluating demographic and socioeconomic factors, exploring reasons for clinic disengagement and treatment discontinuation, and assessing the effectiveness of follow-up interventions.
Methods: A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was employed, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with 200 HIV-positive individuals attending clinics in Guyana and the Caribbean. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Guyana and the Ministry of Health research ethics boards.
Results: Key findings revealed that stigma (60%), financial constraints (55%), and transportation issues (45%) were the most reported barriers. Stigma was particularly prevalent among unemployed participants (p < 0.05), while transportation challenges were more significant in rural areas (p < 0.01). Approximately 85% of participants reported adherence rates above 90%, but 15% had discontinued treatment due to side effects, stigma, or financial barriers. Follow-up support, such as peer counseling, significantly improved reengagement in care (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The study highlights the multifaceted barriers to HIV care in Guyana and the Caribbean, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce stigma, improve financial accessibility, and enhance follow-up services. Addressing these challenges is critical to achieving better health outcomes and advancing public health goals in the region.